libcamera: byte_stream_buffer: Add zero-copy read() variant

Add a read() function to ByteStreamBuffer that returns a pointer to the
data instead of copying it. Overflow check is still handled by the
class, but the caller must check the returned pointer explicitly.

Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Reviewed-by: Kieran Bingham <kieran.bingham@ideasonboard.com>

src/libcamera/byte_stream_buffer.cpp

@@ -241,6 +241,19 @@ int ByteStreamBuffer::skip(size_t size)
  * \retval -ENOSPC no more space is available in the managed memory buffer
  */
 
+/**
+ * \fn template<typename T> const T *ByteStreamBuffer::read(size_t count)
+ * \brief Read data from the managed memory buffer without performing a copy
+ * \param[in] count Number of data items to read
+ *
+ * This function reads \a count elements of type \a T from the buffer. Unlike
+ * the other read variants, it doesn't copy the data but returns a pointer to
+ * the first element. If data can't be read for any reason (usually due to
+ * reading more data than available), the function returns nullptr.
+ *
+ * \return A pointer to the data on success, or nullptr otherwise
+ */
+
 /**
  * \fn template<typename T> int ByteStreamBuffer::write(const T *t)
  * \brief Write \a t to the managed memory buffer
@@ -259,6 +272,32 @@ int ByteStreamBuffer::skip(size_t size)
  * \retval -ENOSPC no more space is available in the managed memory buffer
  */
 
+const uint8_t *ByteStreamBuffer::read(size_t size, size_t count)
+{
+	if (!read_)
+		return nullptr;
+
+	if (overflow_)
+		return nullptr;
+
+	size_t bytes;
+	if (__builtin_mul_overflow(size, count, &bytes)) {
+		setOverflow();
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
+	if (read_ + bytes > base_ + size_) {
+		LOG(Serialization, Error)
+			<< "Unable to read " << bytes << " bytes: out of bounds";
+		setOverflow();
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
+	const uint8_t *data = read_;
+	read_ += bytes;
+	return data;
+}
+
 int ByteStreamBuffer::read(uint8_t *data, size_t size)
 {
 	if (!read_)

src/libcamera/include/byte_stream_buffer.h

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
+#include <type_traits>
 
 #include <libcamera/span.h>
 
@@ -43,6 +44,13 @@ public:
 			    data.size_bytes());
 	}
 
+	template<typename T>
+	const std::remove_reference_t<T> *read(size_t count = 1)
+	{
+		using return_type = const std::remove_reference_t<T> *;
+		return reinterpret_cast<return_type>(read(sizeof(T), count));
+	}
+
 	template<typename T>
 	int write(const T *t)
 	{
@@ -63,6 +71,7 @@ private:
 	void setOverflow();
 
 	int read(uint8_t *data, size_t size);
+	const uint8_t *read(size_t size, size_t count);
 	int write(const uint8_t *data, size_t size);
 
 	ByteStreamBuffer *parent_;