libcamera: base: backtrace: Use libunwind when available

libunwind is an alternative to glibc's backtrace() to extract a
backtrace. Use it when available to extend backtrace support to more
platforms.

Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Reviewed-by: Kieran Bingham <kieran.bingham@ideasonboard.com>

include/libcamera/base/backtrace.h

@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ public:
 private:
 	LIBCAMERA_DISABLE_COPY(Backtrace)
 
+	bool backtraceTrace();
+	bool unwindTrace();
+
 	std::vector<void *> backtrace_;
 };
 

src/libcamera/base/backtrace.cpp

@@ -18,6 +18,15 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 #endif
 
+#if HAVE_UNWIND
+/*
+ * Disable support for remote unwinding to enable a more optimized
+ * implementation.
+ */
+#define UNW_LOCAL_ONLY
+#include <libunwind.h>
+#endif
+
 #include <sstream>
 
 #include <libcamera/base/span.h>
@@ -146,6 +155,20 @@ std::string DwflParser::stackEntry(const void *ip)
  * It can later be converted to a string with toString().
  */
 Backtrace::Backtrace()
+{
+	/* Try libunwind first and fall back to backtrace() if it fails. */
+	if (unwindTrace())
+		return;
+
+	backtraceTrace();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Avoid inlining to make sure that the Backtrace constructor adds exactly two
+ * calls to the stack, which are later skipped in toString().
+ */
+__attribute__((__noinline__))
+bool Backtrace::backtraceTrace()
 {
 #if HAVE_BACKTRACE
 	backtrace_.resize(32);
@@ -153,10 +176,45 @@ Backtrace::Backtrace()
 	int num_entries = backtrace(backtrace_.data(), backtrace_.size());
 	if (num_entries < 0) {
 		backtrace_.clear();
-		return;
+		return false;
 	}
 
 	backtrace_.resize(num_entries);
+
+	return true;
+#else
+	return false;
+#endif
+}
+
+__attribute__((__noinline__))
+bool Backtrace::unwindTrace()
+{
+#if HAVE_UNWIND
+	unw_context_t uc;
+	int ret = unw_getcontext(&uc);
+	if (ret)
+		return false;
+
+	unw_cursor_t cursor;
+	ret = unw_init_local(&cursor, &uc);
+	if (ret)
+		return false;
+
+	do {
+		unw_word_t ip;
+		ret = unw_get_reg(&cursor, UNW_REG_IP, &ip);
+		if (ret) {
+			backtrace_.push_back(nullptr);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		backtrace_.push_back(reinterpret_cast<void *>(ip));
+	} while (unw_step(&cursor) > 0);
+
+	return true;
+#else
+	return false;
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -181,8 +239,11 @@ Backtrace::Backtrace()
  */
 std::string Backtrace::toString(unsigned int skipLevels) const
 {
-	/* Skip the first entry, corresponding to the Backtrace construction. */
-	skipLevels += 1;
+	/*
+	 * Skip the first two entries, corresponding to the Backtrace
+	 * construction.
+	 */
+	skipLevels += 2;
 
 	if (backtrace_.size() <= skipLevels)
 		return std::string();

src/libcamera/base/meson.build

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ libcamera_base_sources = files([
 ])
 
 libdw = cc.find_library('libdw', required : false)
+libunwind = cc.find_library('libunwind', required : false)
 
 if cc.has_header_symbol('execinfo.h', 'backtrace')
     config_h.set('HAVE_BACKTRACE', 1)
@@ -29,10 +30,15 @@ if libdw.found()
     config_h.set('HAVE_DW', 1)
 endif
 
+if libunwind.found()
+    config_h.set('HAVE_UNWIND', 1)
+endif
+
 libcamera_base_deps = [
     dependency('threads'),
     libatomic,
     libdw,
+    libunwind,
 ]
 
 # Internal components must use the libcamera_base_private dependency to enable